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Showing posts with label Native American culture. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Native American culture. Show all posts

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Wandering Through the Canadian Wilderness

Last week: false spring in Leelanau in November
Cinnamon! She opened the little glass jar of powder, held it to her nose, and breathed in the deep, almost ecclesiastical perfume. She was suddenly in her father’s house, in the kitchen, following the old cook around while she worked, sitting on the counter by the sink licking a spatula thinly covered in gingerbread batter. She remembered flour sifted into a wide ceramic bowl in perfect peaks, salt and sugar denting the summit, and finally a tiny spoonful of cinnamon dropped in, a small thrill among the whiteness. 
- Gil Adamson, The Outlander
A reader is many chapters into The Outlander before learning Mary’s name, long after learning — though all this not immediately revealed, either — that she has killed her husband, lost an infant, and is being tracked through forests and over mountains by her husband’s twin brothers. Functionally illiterate but raised in a genteel household with servants, Mary could not have found life easy in her husband’s dark, windowless, isolated log cabin, far off in the Canadian wilderness, away from everything she had ever known. But her grandmother’s object was achieved by the marriage of the young, motherless girl to an older man: the girl was spared the horrors of "spinsterhood."

With a well-worn, familiar Bible but no money and no change of clothes, Mary is running away, seeking to cross a river by ferry, pursued by a pair of red-headed identical twins when first we meet her. She is wearing an oddly put-together costume of black supposed to serve as mourning. Only now that I am halfway through the book, after chapters of the protagonist's stumbling through snowy woods and almost dying of starvation, has she find refuge with a widowed minister in a mining camp. She has a real bed to sleep in again at last.

It looked like March last week, after an early, January-type storm

Along the way, however, she had already been rescued three times, first by an old lady famous for taking in needy strays. When "the widow," as Mary is simply called in the early chapters, flees the old lady’s house, she makes off with a horse, an elaborate pipe, and enough good tobacco to last a while.

New snow a week later, a new storm and new snow

Her second rescuer in the mountains is called by authorities the Ridgerunner. The Ridgerunner is a man who lives by his wits and by stealing food and whatever else he needed from Forest Service cabins. Captured, tried, and acquitted once in a court of law, he returned to his old life and tells Mary with a laugh, “They probably think I’m dead by now.” With William, she discovers laughter and passion, but the Ridgerunner has been alone too long to take her on as a permanent companion, and one day he simply vanishes, taking all his gear with him. The widow is once more on her own.

The third person (second man) who comes to her assistance is Henry, a Crow Indian, and it is Henry who delivers her to the Reverend. Henry’s wife warns Mary that the Reverend Bonnycastle is the only man in the mining camp she should trust, and Mary finds the minister's character to be everything promised. But the red-haired twins have hired a tracker and are close on her heels. 

-- What will happen next? I was happy to reach the pleasant, cozy cinnamon-in-kitchen interlude on Sunday morning at home while enjoying my first cup of coffee with delicious cinnamon bread baked by a friend. Outside a new blizzard raged. We would not be taking to the road as planned....

The calm after earlier wild gusting and blowing

Early chapters of The Outlander, as I’ve indicated, were all set outdoors, and the author’s attention to sensual detail is beautiful and vivid on every page.

She left her belongings and wandered aimlessly. Spider webs brushed her face and she did not wipe them away but let spiders climb to her and ride a while and drop away. The sun came down in beams and shafts, and once, when she looked up, she saw the moon hung high and pale in the blue morning. Tricky thing, pretending to be gone when it wasn’t. She was reduced to an idiot child lost in the woods. It was with an idiot’s glee, then, that she came across the tracks of her horse, and bent to see the deep, scored prints where the animal had run and dodged and dodged again. Other horses had run with it and diverged through the trees, hounded by dogs. Not dogs, she reminded herself. Many wolves, harrying the horses.  
The widow followed the tracks and came across a carcass. It was a big mule deer. The body lay with its hooves toward her. From ten yards away she could see blood pooling in paw prints in the mud, the throat and belly torn away, intestines dragged over the ground. One leg askew.

Hungry wolves want that deer meat, but so does the hungry young woman alone on the mountain!



When a friend and I discussed Moon of the Crusted Snow the other day, she expressed disappointment that the story was so short on detail and left so much to the imagination. I had rather appreciated the author’s spare, light touch, but I understood what my friend was saying, especially when she told me she wanted to know, “What were the women doing?” Ah, yes, good question! The first scene in the Rice novel shows us an Anishnaabe hunter who tracks, kills, and butchers his moose, and he has learned from his father how to tan hides, but we do not see how women transform hides into clothing or harvest rice together or do any of the work that would have been so crucial to survival after the power grid goes dark. Their contributions are referred to only in passing. 

In The Outlander (I’m not sure yet that the title refers to the protagonist; that remains to be seen), we see everything that the woman does. She is the character in focus, and as the year is 1903 and she is fleeing alone on foot through mountain wilderness, survival is of paramount importance in this novel, as well. But “the widow” has no survival skills and would have been dead several times over were it not for the rescuers she meets along her way, so while there is much detail given of her travails and much of the beautiful country she passes through, Mary is hardly a model for ancient knowledge, and this lone white woman is also very much without community.

I enjoyed Moon of the Crusted Snow — devoured it! — and am also fascinated by the Gil Adamson’s Canadian story, The Outlander. I think of how Bonnie Jo Campbell’s Once Upon a River was compared by many reviewers to Huckleberry Finn, Campbell offering a female version of running away downriver. 

Frozen wild grapes

What my friend wants, though, is something different from all of these books, if I have her criticisms right (and maybe she will tell me if I don’t): She wants a story of Anishnaabe post-apocalyptic survival that stresses community aspects and particularly the contributions made by women in the group. What kinds of traditional knowledge of nature would be crucial if the lights went out and there were no more grocery stores? How would clothing be replaced, food prepared, sicknesses treated? Knowing how these aspects of life were carried on in the traditional past would be part of survival into a future if one truly had to live off the land. 

If a novel telling such a story were to come out of Peshawbestown, I would read it eagerly! For today, I'm content to be snowed in again, preparing for eventual departure in leisurely fashion. The Artist and I needed a day of rest before beginning our travels.





Monday, October 3, 2011

By Popular Demand, Otters

You will have to picture in your mind the images to accompany this story.

Back in the days before there were big, expensive houses on Gills Pier Road, the place where Roaring Brook poured out into Lake Michigan was a good spot for fishing, and one family came regularly to make their summer home at the mouth of the creek. The father would fish, the mother (a medicine woman) would collect herbs and roots for healing, while the three children played happy in the creek with a couple of young otters.

When fall arrived and it was time to move to winter quarters, the otters sensed the family’s imminent departure, and on their last morning at Roaring Brook, the children found five freshly killed trout laid out in a row in front of their summer home. Surrounding the fish were otter tracks, running back and forth from the brook. The trout were a farewell gift to the family from the otters.

At least, that is the story David remembers hearing, and for a storybook it's a version that would certainly suffice. The woman who told my husband the story was one of the children in it. She grew up to be a teacher for years in the Leland Public School, known as Mrs. Peschel, although she had been taught by her mother to be a medicine woman herself before she went to college. Later in life, she went back to graduate school to earn a doctorate degree in ethnobotany at the University of Michigan. She spent summers then studying and gathering herbs and tending graves on Garden Island, one of the small islands in the Beaver Island archipelago and home to many Native American graves, and served as Lecturer of Ethnobotany and Philosophy of the Western Great Lakes Indian at the University of Wisconsin.

It was an honor to have known Keewaydinoquay Peschel even as slightly as I did. You can read about her life in the book Keewaydinoquay: Stories from My Youth, edited by Lee Boisvert, but there you will find a much longer, more detailed and rather different account of one child’s “Otter Summer.” Reading the story in the book, I see that the “Otter Summer” took place not at the family’s summer fishing camp but at what was at the time their permanent home. I can’t even tell for sure if the place the family was living then was Roaring Brook or somewhere north of Northport. There is only one child in the story. I need to read the whole book carefully from start to finish, and then, if I’m still unsure, maybe Paul Peschel, our county animal control officer and Dr. Peschel's son, can clear up the confusion.

Or maybe, if confusion remains, it won't matter. What, after all, is the heart of the otter story? Although I confess I like to picture children and otters playing together in Roaring Brook, so close to my home, it is the interspecies rapport and friendship that make this story one that could be translated around the world, the way I see it--the reminder that we share our world with many different kinds of creatures, all with their own valuable lives. But clearly, I am neither journalist, historian nor biographer. What do you think?

Friday, July 22, 2011

Tribal News

Eyaawing Museum and Cultural Center in Peshawbestown is holding a series of cultural presentations this season. Arlene Marozas came by with a poster for her presentation tomorrow, July 23, 1-3 p.m. Her topic is “Jingle Dress Values & Ethics,” (which reminds me to note that pow-wow this year will be August 19-20). Here are the rest of the cultural events scheduled this summer at Eyaawing:

July 27, 1-3 p.m. Carrie Leaureaux, “Anishnaabemowin & Cultural Presentation”
July 30, 11 a.m.-3 p.m. Doris Winslow, “The Making of Clay Storytellers”
August 6, 1-2 p.m. Eva Petoskey, “Dream Speak: Anishinaabe Poetry”
August 12, 1-4 p.m. Nancy Fuller, “Teaching Quilting” (please bring your own supplies)
August 13, 10 a.m.-4 p.m. Cindy Patek, “Finger Weaving”
August 20, 1-2 p.m. Linda D. Theis, “Learned Optimism and Resilience”
August 27, 1-2:30 p.m. Karen Sinclair, “Maori of New Zealand”


There will be additional events in September. For further information, call 231-534-7768.

Tuesday, October 5, 2010

Our Fellow Time Travelers of the Plant Kingdom


When we think of fall color, we usually think of deciduous trees, such as maple, ash, oak and beech--those trees that lose their green leaves every winter but not before letting the chlorophyll seep away, leaving colors from pale yellow through butternut and orange to flaming red and deep russet. The only coniferous trees that change color and drop their needles are the larches, or tamarack. Say “fall color,” and who would respond, “Blue spruce”? And no, the spruce needles have not changed color. It’s simply that some of these trees are now wearing red garlands of Virginia creeper, as if someone had decorated them early for the holidays.





Trees of a different kind are featured in Ladislav Hanka’s hauntingly beautiful book, The Crooked Tree Prints, now available at Dog Ears Books. When Hanka set out to explore the way Native Americans had used living trees as place and directional markers in northern Michigan, he learned that only a few of those old trees are still standing, and perhaps the artist in him was for that reason compelled all the more strongly to record their existence and to forge a personal connection with them. Hanka’s pencil sketches and his monochromatic photographs, as well as his copperplate etchings (the fullness of his art), capture the paradoxical timelessness of these venerable woodland neighbors. The bilingual text, with Hanka’s English translated into Anishinaabemowin by Zhiibaasige, provides yet another port of entry--a dual port, so to speak--into this aesthetically, culturally and historically rich subject. This is not an ordinary book but a spiritual creation, so come in to soon to see it for yourself.

Finally, for another look at trees, look at what Gerry found in the Antrim County woods.